Current emergencies in Tigray
Three years after the height of the northern Ethiopia conflict, Tigray is in a fragile recovery phase marked by volatile security dynamics, restricted access to essential services, and overlapping natural and health shocks. While localized improvements exist, core structural problems remain unresolved. Humanitarian conditions continue to be shaped by regional geopolitical risks, disrupted livelihoods, and systemic shortages in critical infrastructure. The region’s population, already weakened by years of conflict, faces a convergence of immediate threats requiring coordinated, sustained, and adequately funded responses.
Risk of a new interstate/renewed war affecting Tigray’s borders
Ethiopia–Eritrea tensions have spiked again in late 2025, with multiple credible analyses warning that a new war could erupt and draw in regional actors—an obvious existential risk for communities along Tigray’s northern axis
Severe food insecurity with constrained aid and rising weather shocks
Global/GRFC analyses for 2025 explicitly flag Tigray among Ethiopia’s regions projected to remain in IPC3+ due to conflict impacts, price stress, and weather volatility.
Ongoing cholera outbreak in Tigray
Since September 2025, confirmed outbreaks have been reported across multiple woredas (e.g., Selewa, Samre, Mereb Lekhe), with deaths and hundreds of cases; cholera response remains an immediate public-health priority.
Floods, hail, and storm damage (late 2025)
Heavy kiremt rains and localized storms in Aug–Oct damaged farmland and displaced households around Shire and other localities; official alerts warned of flash-flood risk in northwestern/central Tigray in mid-September. These shocks compound lean-season food gaps.
Educational barriers
For the 2025/26 school year, roughly half of Tigray’s school-age children remain out of school due to damaged facilities, displacement, and protection concerns—an immediate human-capital emergency.
Displacement and blocked returns: especially Western Tigray
Large numbers of Tigrayan IDPs cannot return to their homes in disputed/occupied areas (Western Tigray/Welkait). Mass protests in June 2025 underscored the urgency; unresolved territorial control keeps this an acute protection and governance crisis.
Landmines and explosive remnants of war (ERW) harming civilians and livelihoods
Mine/ERW contamination is a current, daily risk; recent ICRC reporting includes 2025 victim accounts from Tigray, and humanitarian updates note contaminated fields restricting cultivation.
Health system damage and under-resourcing
WHO and partners highlight continuing post-war damage to health facilities in the north (including Tigray) and logistics gaps that impede routine and outbreak response. This remains a live, near-term constraint on life-saving care.
Ongoing protection harms and survivor needs (conflict-related sexual violence)
New 2025 documentation details the scale and persistence of CRSV trauma from the war, with accountability and survivor services still inadequate. This is a present-tense emergency for survivors and service providers.
Essential services: partial restoration, fragile access
While some banking/telecom services have gradually returned in urban centers, service restoration remains uneven and vulnerable to security/political shocks—affecting markets, remittances, and aid delivery today.
Humanitarian access and funding squeeze
OCHA’s 2025 updates flag Ethiopia’s (including Tigray’s) response as overstretched by conflict, disease, and climate shocks, with critical funding gaps forcing triage. Access is better than at the height of the war but not yet reliable